This is the only on-topic portion of your post I'll address in this thread.
Obviously, the overall goal of these protests is for Palestinians to have their own land; HOWEVER, I *think* the most direct action they believe they can take is to get The University of Texas Boycott, Divestments, and Sanctions movement (BDS). Yeah, I don't think that will work out for them over the short term either.
Another goal, I'm sure, is to raise the profile of the Palestinian cause, especially among those who might influence U.S. policy over the long term (you know, future American leaders, i.e., college kids that go to really good schools). On this point, I think they're likely making headway and will continue to do so if they don't end up shooting themselves in the foot with over-the-top violence or antisemitic actions. From my standpoint, thus far, the UT student activists have been much more successful in curtailing that other stupid shit than their Ivy League counterparts.